Frank s



(No Model.)V f F. S. MEAD..

` GAS ENGINE.

` 10.528,006. Patentedoct. 23,1894.

F1171@ 0 p A l H @if z .-E I P E yNITED STATES PATNT OFFICE.

FRANK S. MEAD, OF MONTREAL, CANADA.

. GAS-ENGINE.

, aPECIFIGA'IJI02N` forming part of Letters Patent No. 528,006, datedOctober 23, 1,894

'l Application lerl December 5,1 893. Serial No. L192,856. (lilonioclel.) i

To @ZZ whom t `mayconceive: ,t i

Be it known that I, FRANK S. MEAD, of Montreal, inthe Province of Quebecand Dominion of Canada, have invented a new and rable in construction,very effectivein operation, and arranged in such a manner as to cause aprompt delivery of air and gas to the working cylinder, to form theproper explosive mixture and to insure an explosion on each stroke ofthe piston.

The invention consists of certain parts and details, and combinations ofthe same, as will be fully described hereinafter and then pointed out inthe claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters and numerals of referenceindicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is asectional side elevation of the improvement. Fig. 2 is asectional side elevation of a modified form of vapor pump. Fig. 3 is asimilar view of a vapor pump arranged for supplying a duplex cylinderwith the vapor; and Fig. A is a diagrammatical View of the movement ofthe crank arms for the main piston and the pump piston.

According to my invention, the engine is provided with a quick deliverygas or vapor pump connected to the working cylinder, the communicationbetween` the pump and the working cylinder being controlled both by thepiston of the engine and that of the pump. Another action of this vaporpump is, in the case of gasoline or oil engines,to regulate the supplyof fuel, as the pump is connected directly with the vapor chamber intowhich the gasoline or oil is drawn from a lower level, so that inproportion as the pump draws the vapor, fresh gasoline or oil is forcedinto the vapor chamber by atmospheric pressure.

The supply of fuel is thereforemade automatic and dispenses with aseparate pump for feeding it. A small amount of air may be admitted withthe oil, to spray it, if desired. Another action of this vapor pump isthat during the ignition or outward stroke of the main pistoncommunication is positively cut off between the main cylinder and thevapor chamber, as well as the contents of the pump itself, which latteris not opened to the main cylinder until the hot exhaust has been drivenout, forced out by a charge of fresh air, thereby absolutely confiningthe explosion to the main cylinder. In this combination of vapor pumpand vaporizer or vapor chamber, only the light iniiammable vapor is putinto the cylinder, leaving the carbon and gummy residuum in thevaporizer, from which it is easily removed; whereas the usual method ofdrawing in the vapor with a large body of air takes all the impuritiescontained in the vapor into the cylinder, in which they are deposited. it v My improved gas engine isprovided with the usual working cylinder A,in which reciprocates the pistonB, connected bythe pitman C with thecrank disk D, secured on the main driving shaft E, extending through aclosed-casing A', onwhich rests the lower, open end of the cylinder A.This casing A is set on the frame F of the engine, as indicated inFig. 1. The upper part of the casing A and the lower part of thecylinderA form a chamber or compartment A2, in which atmospheric air isdrawn on the upstroke of the piston B, and in which this air` is tcompressed on the downward stroke, the compressed air being finallydelivered through a port a into the upper or working cylinder A at thetime the piston B is in its lowermost port b with the cylinder G, of thevapor pump provided with a pistonH reciprocating in the said cylinderGyand connected at its lower end, by a pitman I, with a crank disk .Isecured on a shaft K rotating in unison with the main driving shaft E.In order to rotate the shaft in the manner described, I preferablyprovide the same with a sprocket wheel K', connected by a sprocket chainK2 with a sprocket wheel K3 secured on the main driving shaftE, thesprocket wheels K and KS being alike in diameter.

In the upper end of the cylinder G of the vapor pump is arranged a valve-L, adapted to connect the upper end of the cylinder Gr with a feed pipeN leading to the vaporizing IOO tube O, connected with a vapor supplypipe P, as is plainly shown in Fig. l. The vaporizer O is surrounded bypart of the exhaust pipe Q, connected with a port c arranged in the wallof the cylinder A, and leading to the interior thereof. A lamp Rsupported in the exhaust pipe Q serves to heat the vaporizer O instarting the engine and before sufcient hot exhaust passes through thepipe Q to continuously heat the vaporizer O.

In the cylinder G, which preferably forms part of the cylinder A, isarranged a recess or passage d adapted to connect withthe port b so thatthe gas in the upper end o'f the cylinder G can discharge throughthesaid recess or passage d into the port ZJ only when the piston H hasarrived at the proper part of its upward stroke.

The operation is as follows: When the several parts are in the positionas illustrated in Fig. l, the piston B is at the end of its upstroke andready to move downward, the upper end of the cylinderA being filled withan explosive mixture. As soon as the explosion takes place, by anysuitable means, in the upper end of the cylinder A, the piston B isdriven downward so that the air in the compartment A2 is compressed, andwhen the piston nears the lower end of its down-stroke it opens theexhaust port c, to permit the products of combustion in the cylinder Ato pass through the said port cinto the exhaust pipe Q, to heat thevaporizer O, as previously explained. Shortly after the port c is openedby the piston B, the port ctopens so that the compressed air 'in thecompartment A2 can pass through the port a into the upper part ofthecylinder A, to drive out the remaining products of combustion and tofill the upper part of the cylinder with fresh air. The ports c and aremain open while the Wrist pin of the crank disk D passes its lowercentral position. During the downward movement of the piston B,'thepiston Hin the vapor pump rises to compress the previously drawn ingasin the upper end of the cylinder G, and when finally the lower vend ofthe piston H passes the lower end of the recess d, then the compressedgas can pass through the said recess d to the port b and into the upperendof the cylinder A, t0 mix with' the fresh air therein. The piston Hvstill rising in the cylinder G continues to send the gas or vapor intothe upper end of the cylinder A until the said piston arrives at theupper end of its upstroke, at which time the piston D likewise risingcloses the port b, so that further supply of gas to the cylinder A isshut off. As the piston D now rises to its final, uppermost position,the piston H descends to draw in a fresh supply of gas which is againcompressed on the upward stroke of the said piston, as

above mentioned. When the piston B moves into its uppermost position ithas compressed the explosive mixture of air and vapor, sol

that the next explosion starts the piston B downward and the abovedescribed operation is4 repeated. Before starting up the engine thevaporizer O is heated by the lamp R, but after the engine has been runfor a short time the lamp R can be extinguished as the hot exhaustforced from the cylinder A and passing through the port c into theexhaust pipe Q heats the vaporizer O sufficiently to convert the oil orgasoline into vapor to be drawn by the action of the pistonH from thevaporizer O through the pipeN and valve L into the upper end of thecylinder G. The vapor pump draws the vapor in the vaporizer R slightlybelow atmospheric pressure, so that more oil is forced into thevaporizer by the atmosphere, thus constantly supplying that amount ofvapor required by the pump.

As illustrated in Fig. 2, the suction valve in the cylinder G isdispensed with and in its place a port d is provided, located a shortdistance above the entrance of the port b into the cylinder G it beingunderstood that the said port b connects the cylinder G with the maincylinder A3. The port d is connected 'wit-h the vaporizer so that whenthe piston H moves downward and has uncovered the said port d it drawsthe gasfrom the vaporizer. The port d remains closeduntil the pumppiston H nearly reaches the end of its downward stroke, when it isuncovered and the gas or vapor rushes into the cylinder Gto till thevacuum therein, and as this port is necessarily closed by the piston Hat the time the latter uncovers the delivery port b no gas whatever can,at any time, be forced or drawn through the pump in eitherdirection,except the exact amount measured by the pump piston H'. Bythis arrangement all danger of tire or explosion reaching from theworking cylinder beyond the pump is prevented, and all movable valvesthat might stick and cause trouble are dispensed with.

As illustrated in Fig. 3, two cylinders A4 and A5 are connected by portsb2 and b3 with the cylinder G2 of the vapor pump, which is now doubleacting and provided for this purpose with two inlet ports e and e and adouble piston H2. is the same as with a single pump, with the exceptionthat it acts as a double pump and alternately supplies both cylindersA4-a11d A5 with measured quantities of gas.

The wrist pin of the crank disk J for the vapor pump is set about ninetydegrees in advance of the wrist pin in the crank disk D, in order tooperate the pistonsB and Hin the manner above described, to produce thedesired result. By reference to Fig. 4 the movement of the wrist pinwill be readily understood, the larger circle representing the path ofthe wrist pin for the crank disk D, while the smaller, inner circlerepresents the path of the wrist pin for the disk J. Now, it will beseen that when the wrist pin for the disk D stands at 1, (its topcenter) the wristpin for the crank disk .T stands at ll or half way downto its lower center at 8. Now, when the working piston B receives itsimpulse, as above de- IOO IIO

The operation in this case cylinder.

i. rises to 7, the wrist pin of the disk J stands at (its top center)and the main piston B then closes the port e and proceeds to compressthe mixed inflammable charge until the piston moves into its uppermostposition, at which time the ignition takes place.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patentl. A gas engine'whose working cylinder is provided witha port for the admission of the inflammable vapor, a vapor pumpconnected to the said port, a vapor feed pipe connected to the saidpump, a vaporizer connected to the said feed pipe, and a supply pipeextending to the vaporizer from a lower level, so that the inflammablefluid travels to the vaporizer only when the pump creates a suction inthe said supply pipe, whereby the supply of vapor is rendered dependenton the operation of the engine, substantially as described.

2. A gas engine provided with a working cylinder, a pump barrel locatedadjacent thereto, a channel connecting the pump barrel to the workingcylinder, a feed pipe connected to the pump to convey the inflammableuid thereto, pistons adapted to move in the pump barrel and in theworking cylinder respectively, the ports whereby the said channelcommunicates with the cylinder and the pump barrel being located in thepaths of travelof the working piston and the pump piston respectively,so that the inlet of the in amrnable fluid is controlled both by thepump piston and by the working piston, substantially as described.

3. A`gas engine provided with a Working t cylinder, a pump barrellocated adjacent thereto, a channel connecting the pump barrel to theworking cylinder, a channel or passage in the side of the pump barrel,said channel extending from a point near one end of the barrel to apoint located in transverse alignment with the orifice of the channelleading to the working cylinder, a feed pipe connected to the same partof the barrel in which the said lateral channel or passage is arranged,to convey the inflammable Huid to the pump, and means, substantially asdescribed, for controlling the inlet of the infiammable fluid to thecylinder, as set forth,

. FRANK S. MEAD.

Witnesses: LEWIS P. MEAD, `FRANK E. MEAD.

